The Antibiotic Dilemma: Why Do Vaginal Infections Keep Coming Back?

Antibiotics are the go-to treatment for vaginal infections like bacterial vaginosis (BV) but they’re far from the perfect solution. Many women find themselves stuck in a frustrating cycle of temporary relief, annoying side effects and recurring infections. 

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The Antibiotic Dilemma: Why Do Vaginal Infections Keep Coming Back?

Antibiotics are the go-to treatment for vaginal infections like bacterial vaginosis (BV) but they’re far from the perfect solution. Many women find themselves stuck in a frustrating cycle of temporary relief, annoying side effects and recurring infections. 

So, are antibiotics really the best answer? In this blog, we explore why antibiotics don’t always work, how they impact your vaginal microbiome, and why alternative treatments, like light therapy, could offer new hope for the future of vaginal health.

Dealing With Antibiotic Side Effects

Antibiotics were developed in the 1920s and completely transformed medical history. When it comes to vaginal health, antibiotics are far from an ideal solution – yet they remain our only option.  

Infections like bacterial vaginosis (BV) usually require antibiotic treatment. However, antibiotic side effects can have a seriously negative impact on quality of life

Side effects may include:

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting 
  • Diarrhea  

If you experience any other side effects like itchiness, rash, coughing, wheezing or a tight chest, this could be a sign of an allergic reaction and you should seek medical support straight away. 

But perhaps the most significant side effect of antibiotics is the impact they have on your vaginal microbiome.

Why Does BV Keep Coming Back After Antibiotics?

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) affects up to 29% of women globally. It happens when the natural balance of bacteria in the vaginal microbiome shifts, allowing harmful bacteria to overgrow. Antibiotics like metronidazole and clindamycin are the standard treatment for BV, but more than 60% of women experience BV recurrence within months of treatment.

The Problem with Antibiotics for BV:

  1. Antibiotics attack both good and bad bacteria.

The vaginal microbiome relies on Lactobacilli, beneficial bacteria that help maintain a healthy pH balance. Antibiotics wipe out both harmful bacteria and these protective bacteria, damaging your defence mechanism and making reinfection more likely.

  1. Bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics.

Antibiotic resistance happens when bacteria evolve to withstand antibiotics. Over time, BV-causing bacteria become less responsive to treatment.

  1. Biofilm protects the bad bacteria.

Some bacteria secrete a sticky substance that helps them stick to the vaginal wall better, forming a biofilm that shields them from antibiotics. This means antibiotics can’t always fully eliminate the bad infection, allowing it to return further down the line. 

Why Do I Get A Yeast Infection After Antibiotics?

If you’ve ever had a yeast infection after antibiotic treatment, you’re not alone. Here’s why it happens: 

  1. Antibiotics kill both the bad bacteria and good bacteria (Lactobacillus) in your vaginal microbiome.

  2. This leaves your vaginal microbiome out of balance and unable to regulate itself.

  3. Without Lactobacillus, Candida (a type of yeast) is left to grow unchecked.

  4. Overgrowth of Candida causes yeast infections, also known as thrush or vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). 

How Can I Prevent Yeast Infections From Antibiotics?

If you need antibiotic treatment, you can help reduce your risk of a yeast infection by:

  • Taking probiotics to boost your healthy bacteria (especially Lactobacillus strains).
  • Eating fermented foods (like yoghurt and kimchi) to support the healthy bacteria in your gut and vaginal microbiomes.
  • Wearing breathable cotton underwear to prevent excess moisture.
  • Avoiding fragranced soaps and douching to keep your vaginal pH stable.

Are There Better Ways to Treat Vaginal Infections?

Antibiotics are the most common option, but they aren’t the only ones out there. Researchers are exploring alternative treatments for vaginal infections. Always speak to a healthcare professional before trying any new treatments to ensure it’s the right fit for you. 

  • Probiotics

Probiotics, especially Lactobacillus strains, can help restore the vaginal microbiome. Some studies show they can help prevent infection by supporting a healthy vaginal microbiome but the results are inconsistent. Probiotics might be a helpful supplement, but they aren’t a guaranteed replacement for antibiotics. 

  • Vaginal Acidifiers 

Vaginal acidifiers, like lactic acid, can help rebalance the vaginal pH. However, their effectiveness varies from person to person. Overuse can also cause irritation, making them a less reliable long-term solution. 

  • Natural Antiseptics

Boric acid is known for its antifungal and antibacterial properties. It’s sometimes used to treat infections when antibiotics fail. Boric acid can eliminate harmful bacteria but is not without risks. Incorrect use can cause irritation and more serious complications. 

One of the most exciting innovations? Light therapy.

Light Therapy: A New Treatment For Vaginal Infections?

Light therapy is emerging as a promising new alternative to antibiotics for vaginal infections and UVISA is leading the way.

How Does Light Therapy Work?

Ultra Violet and Blue Light target harmful bacteria in the vagina without harming the healthy bacteria. Unlike antibiotics, light therapy doesn’t disrupt the vaginal microbiome, reducing the risk of repeat infections.

Could Light Therapy Replace Antibiotics?

While research is ongoing, early studies suggest that light therapy could be a game-changer – especially for women struggling with recurrent vaginal infections. By targeting only harmful bacteria and protecting the vaginal microbiome, light therapy offers a promising new solution without the side effects. 

At UVISA, we’re developing a light therapy device designed to help women break free from the cycle of recurrent BV and yeast infections. Because vaginal health shouldn’t have to be a constant battle.

The Future of Vaginal Health

For too long, women have been stuck in a cycle of antibiotics, side effects, and recurring infections. While antibiotics remain essential for certain conditions, they aren’t a perfect solution for vaginal health. 

New innovations like light therapy could provide a safer, more effective way to treat BV, yeast infections, and other vaginal imbalances — without the risks of antimicrobial resistance.

Want to learn more about light therapy for vaginal health? Stay tuned for updates on the latest research and breakthroughs.

Sources: 

  1. Impact of (recurrent) bacterial vaginosis on quality of life and the need for accessible alternative treatments
  2. NHS: Antibiotics, Side Effects
  3. WHO: Bacterial Vaginosis
  4. The Role of Antimicrobial Resistance in Refractory and Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis and Current Recommendations for Treatment
  5. Antimicrobial resistance: Prevalence, economic burden, mechanisms of resistance and strategies to overcome
  6. Fighting polymicrobial biofilms in bacterial vaginosis
  7. Guideline: Vulvovaginal candidosis 
  8. Probiotics are a good choice for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
  9. Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health
  10. Lactic acid-containing products for bacterial vaginosis and their impact on the vaginal microbiota: A systematic review
  11. What Are Consumers Looking for With Boric Acid?
  12. Effect of blue light emitting diode therapy on recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: A randomized assessor-blinded controlled trial